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Interferir is a Spanish verb which translates into English as “to interfere”.
Below are all of the conjugations for interferir in Spanish, in all three moods (indicative/indicativo, subjunctive/subjunctivo and imperative/imperativo) and all of the tenses, for each pronoun.
The vosotros pronoun is mainly used in mainland Spain, and is the informal second-person plural – it could be considered the Spanish version of “y’all”. It is rarely found in Latin America, where ustedes is used instead.
The vos form is used instead of tú in some Spanish speaking countries of South America, especially the Southern Cone (e.g. Argentina and Uruguay) and has a different conjugation.
| English Infinitive | to interfere |
|---|---|
| Spanish Infinitive | interferir |
The gerund (gerundio) is used with the continuous tenses, e.g. present continuous (está interfiriendo) and past continuous (estaba interfiriendo). The easiest way to think of it is the equivalent of english’s -ing form (e.g. interfering).
The past participle (participio) is used with perfect tense ‘haber’ verbs, e.g. he interferido and hubiera interferido. These are the equivalent of English’s ‘have’ (e.g. have interfered).
| Gerundio / Gerund | interfiriendo |
|---|---|
| Participio / Past Participle | interferido |
The basic form of speech, el indicativo is used for making statements, talking about facts, events and things that are certain and objective.
The present tense is as it sounds – it’s for talking about things that are currently going on, which are habitual, or which generally exist. In English, this would be “I interfere” or “they interfere”.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | interfiero |
| Tú | interfieres |
| Él / Ella / Usted | interfiere |
| Nosotros / as | interferimos |
| Vosotros / as | interferís |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | interfieren |
| Vos | interferís |
Your simple past tense, e.g. “I interfered” or “she interfered” in English.
In Spanish, there are two past tenses where just one is used in English; the pretérite infefinido is typically used to refer to a concrete, specific moment in time.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | interferí | I interfered |
| Tú | interferiste | You interfered |
| Él / Ella / Usted | interfirió | He / she / you interfered |
| Nosotros / as | interferimos | We interfered |
| Vosotros / as | interferisteis | You interfered |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | interfirieron | They / you interfered |
| Vos | interferiste | You interfered |
The pretérito imperfecto roughly translates as “I was interfering” or “she was interfering” in English, and is typically used to describe things and set a scene, talk about events without a specific timeframe, or talk about habitual events or states in the past.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | interfería | I was interfering |
| Tú | interferías | You were interfering |
| Él / Ella / Usted | interfería | He was / she was / you were interfering |
| Nosotros / as | interferíamos | We were interfering |
| Vosotros / as | interferíais | You were interfering |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | interferían | They / you were interfering |
| Vos | interferías | You were interfering |
The perfect tense is for talking about things which happened in the past but are still related to the present or continue into the present.
In English, these use the auxiliary verbs ‘have’ and ‘has’ – i.e. “I have interfered” and “she has interfered”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | he interferido | I have interfered |
| Tú | has interferido | You have interfered |
| Él / Ella / Usted | ha interferido | He has / she has / you have interfered |
| Nosotros / as | hemos interferido | We have interfered |
| Vosotros / as | habéis interferido | You have interfered |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | han interferido | They / you have interfered |
| Vos | has interferido | You have interfered |
The conditional is used in place of the English modal verb “would”, i.e. “I would interfere” or “she would interfere”. It can be used to talk about hypothetical situations.
| Pronoun | Spanish | Englush |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | interferiría | I would interfere |
| Tú | interferirías | You would interfere |
| Él / Ella / Usted | interferiría | He / she / you would interfere |
| Nosotros / as | interferiríamos | We would interfere |
| Vosotros / as | interferiríais | You would interfere |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | interferirían | They / you would interfere |
| Vos | interferirías | You would interfere |
The future tense, simply put, replaces the English modal verb “will” – i.e. “I will interfere” or “they will interfere”.
It is more commonly used for making a hypothesis about the present. To talk about the future, Spanish speakers frequently use “ir + a + infinivo”, e.g. “van a interferir” means “They are going to interfere”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | interferiré | I will interfere |
| Tú | interferirás | You will interfere |
| Él / Ella / Usted | interferirá | He / she / you will interfere |
| Nosotros / as | interferiremos | We will interfere |
| Vosotros / as | interferiréis | You will interfere |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | interferirán | They / you will interfere |
| Vos | interferirás | You will interfere |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | interfiera |
| Tú | interfieras |
| Él / Ella / Usted | interfiera |
| Nosotros / as | interfiramos |
| Vosotros / as | interfiráis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | interfieran |
| Vos | interfieras |
There are two ways to form the imperfect subjunctive.
The first option sees verbs ending in -era (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ara (for -ar verbs), while the second sees verbs ending in -ese (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ase (for -ar verbs).
There is no difference between these two forms, and Spanish speakers use them interchangeably.
| Pronoun | Spanish era/ara | Spanish ese/ase |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | interfiriera | interfiriese |
| Tú | interfirieras | interfiriese |
| Él / Ella / Usted | interfiriera | interfiriese |
| Nosotros / as | interfiriéramos | interfiriésemos |
| Vosotros / as | interfirierais | interfirieseis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | interfirieran | interfiriesen |
| Vos | interfirieras | interfiriese |
The future subjunctive is no longer used in modern-day Spanish, apart from in literary and legal contexts, and there is no need to learn it.
It is formed the same as the past/imperfect subjunctive, but with -e endings instead of -a endings.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | interfiriere |
| Tú | interfirieres |
| Él / Ella / Usted | interfiriera |
| Nosotros / as | interfiriéremos |
| Vosotros / as | interfiriereis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | interfirieren |
| Vos | interfirieres |
Used for forming positive and negative commands, e.g. “interfere!” and “don’t interfere!”.
| Pronoun | Spanish Affirmative | Spanish Negative |
|---|---|---|
| Tú | interfiere | no interfieras |
| Él / Ella / Usted | interfiera | no interfiera |
| Nosotros / as | interfiramos | no interfiramos |
| Vosotros / as | interferid | no interfiráis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | interfieran | no interfieran |
| Vos | interferí | no interfieras |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | haya interferido |
| Tú | hayas interferido |
| Él / Ella / Usted | haya interferido |
| Nosotros / as | hayamos interferido |
| Vosotros / as | hayáis interferido |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hayan interferido |
| Vos | hayas interferido |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiera interferido / hubiese interferido |
| Tú | hubieras interferido / hubieses interferido |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiera interferido / hubiese interferido |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéramos interferido / hubiésemos interferido |
| Vosotros / as | hubierais interferido / hubieseis interferido |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieran interferido / hubiesen interferido |
| Vos | hubieras interferido / hubieses interferido |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiere interferido |
| Tú | hubieres interferido |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiere interferido |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéremos interferido |
| Vosotros / as | hubiereis interferido |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieren interferido |
| Vos | hubieres interferido |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | esté interfiriendo |
| Tú | estés interfiriendo |
| Él / Ella / Usted | esté interfiriendo |
| Nosotros / as | estemos interfiriendo |
| Vosotros / as | estéis interfiriendo |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estén interfiriendo |
| Vos | estés interfiriendo |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviera interfiriendo / estuviese interfiriendo |
| Tú | estuvieras interfiriendo / estuvieses interfiriendo |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviera interfiriendo / estuviese interfiriendo |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéramos interfiriendo / estuviésamos interfiriendo |
| Vosotros / as | estuvierais interfiriendo / estuvieseis interfiriendo |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviera interfiriendo / estuviese interfiriendo |
| Vos | estuvieras interfiriendo / estuvieses interfiriendo |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviere interfiriendo |
| Tú | estuvieres interfiriendo |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviere interfiriendo |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéremos interfiriendo |
| Vosotros / as | estuviereis interfiriendo |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviere interfiriendo |
| Vos | estuvieres interfiriendo |
Voseo is the practice of using ‘vos’ instead of ‘tú’ as the second-person singular pronoun, and is common throughout much of South America.
There are various versions of ‘voseo’ used throughout the Spanish-speaking world. The conjugations for the most common type – used throughout Argentina, parts of Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Paraguya and Uruguay are below.
The present indicative (presente de indicativo) and affirmative imperative (imperativo) have different conjugations from the tú form, while all other tenses generally use the tú form.
| Tense | Vos Conjugation |
|---|---|
| Present Indicative Presente de Indicativo | Vos interferís |
| Simle Past / Preterite Preterite de Indicativo | Vos interferiste |
| Imperfect Past Preterite Imperfecto de Indicativo | Vos interferías |
| Conditional Condicional | Vos interferirías |
| Future Futuro de Indicativo | Vos interferirás |
| Present Subjunctive Presente de Subjunctivo | Vos interfieras |
| Imperfect Subjunctive Imperfecto de Subjunctivo | Vos interfirieras / Vos interfiriese |
| Affirmative Imperative Imperativo | Vos interferí |
| Negative Imperative Imperativo Negativo | Vos no interfieras |