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Hacer is a Spanish verb which translates into English as “to do / to make”.
Below are all of the conjugations for hacer in Spanish, in all three moods (indicative/indicativo, subjunctive/subjunctivo and imperative/imperativo) and all of the tenses, for each pronoun.
The vosotros pronoun is mainly used in mainland Spain, and is the informal second-person plural – it could be considered the Spanish version of “y’all”. It is rarely found in Latin America, where ustedes is used instead.
The vos form is used instead of tú in some Spanish speaking countries of South America, especially the Southern Cone (e.g. Argentina and Uruguay) and has a different conjugation.
| English Infinitive | to do / to make |
|---|---|
| Spanish Infinitive | hacer |
The gerund (gerundio) is used with the continuous tenses, e.g. present continuous (está haciendo) and past continuous (estaba haciendo). The easiest way to think of it is the equivalent of english’s -ing form (e.g. doing).
The past participle (participio) is used with perfect tense ‘haber’ verbs, e.g. he hecho and hubiera hecho. These are the equivalent of English’s ‘have’ (e.g. have did).
| Gerundio / Gerund | haciendo |
|---|---|
| Participio / Past Participle | hecho |
The basic form of speech, el indicativo is used for making statements, talking about facts, events and things that are certain and objective.
The present tense is as it sounds – it’s for talking about things that are currently going on, which are habitual, or which generally exist. In English, this would be “I do” or “they do”.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hago |
| Tú | haces |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hace |
| Nosotros / as | hacemos |
| Vosotros / as | hacéis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hacen |
| Vos | hacés |
Your simple past tense, e.g. “I did” or “she did” in English.
In Spanish, there are two past tenses where just one is used in English; the pretérite infefinido is typically used to refer to a concrete, specific moment in time.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | hice | I did |
| Tú | hiciste | You did |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hizo | He / she / you did |
| Nosotros / as | hicimos | We did |
| Vosotros / as | hicisteis | You did |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hicieron | They / you did |
| Vos | hiciste | You did |
The pretérito imperfecto roughly translates as “I was doing” or “she was doing” in English, and is typically used to describe things and set a scene, talk about events without a specific timeframe, or talk about habitual events or states in the past.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | hacía | I was doing |
| Tú | hacías | You were doing |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hacía | He was / she was / you were doing |
| Nosotros / as | hacíamos | We were doing |
| Vosotros / as | hacíais | You were doing |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hacían | They / you were doing |
| Vos | hacías | You were doing |
The perfect tense is for talking about things which happened in the past but are still related to the present or continue into the present.
In English, these use the auxiliary verbs ‘have’ and ‘has’ – i.e. “I have did” and “she has did”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | he hecho | I have did |
| Tú | has hecho | You have did |
| Él / Ella / Usted | ha hecho | He has / she has / you have did |
| Nosotros / as | hemos hecho | We have did |
| Vosotros / as | habéis hecho | You have did |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | han hecho | They / you have did |
| Vos | has hecho | You have did |
The conditional is used in place of the English modal verb “would”, i.e. “I would do” or “she would do”. It can be used to talk about hypothetical situations.
| Pronoun | Spanish | Englush |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | haría | I would do |
| Tú | harías | You would do |
| Él / Ella / Usted | haría | He / she / you would do |
| Nosotros / as | haríamos | We would do |
| Vosotros / as | haríais | You would do |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | harían | They / you would do |
| Vos | harías | You would do |
The future tense, simply put, replaces the English modal verb “will” – i.e. “I will do” or “they will do”.
It is more commonly used for making a hypothesis about the present. To talk about the future, Spanish speakers frequently use “ir + a + infinivo”, e.g. “van a hacer” means “They are going to do”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | haré | I will do |
| Tú | harás | You will do |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hará | He / she / you will do |
| Nosotros / as | haremos | We will do |
| Vosotros / as | haréis | You will do |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | harán | They / you will do |
| Vos | harás | You will do |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | haga |
| Tú | hagas |
| Él / Ella / Usted | haga |
| Nosotros / as | hagamos |
| Vosotros / as | hagáis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hagan |
| Vos | hagas |
There are two ways to form the imperfect subjunctive.
The first option sees verbs ending in -era (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ara (for -ar verbs), while the second sees verbs ending in -ese (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ase (for -ar verbs).
There is no difference between these two forms, and Spanish speakers use them interchangeably.
| Pronoun | Spanish era/ara | Spanish ese/ase |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | hiciera | hiciese |
| Tú | hicieras | hiciese |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hiciera | hiciese |
| Nosotros / as | hiciéramos | hiciésemos |
| Vosotros / as | hicierais | hicieseis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hicieran | hiciesen |
| Vos | hicieras | hiciese |
The future subjunctive is no longer used in modern-day Spanish, apart from in literary and legal contexts, and there is no need to learn it.
It is formed the same as the past/imperfect subjunctive, but with -e endings instead of -a endings.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hiciere |
| Tú | hicieres |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hiciere |
| Nosotros / as | hiciéremos |
| Vosotros / as | hiciereis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hicieren |
| Vos | hicieres |
Used for forming positive and negative commands, e.g. “do!” and “don’t do!”.
| Pronoun | Spanish Affirmative | Spanish Negative |
|---|---|---|
| Tú | haz | no hagas |
| Él / Ella / Usted | haga | no haga |
| Nosotros / as | hagamos | no hagamos |
| Vosotros / as | haced | no hagáis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hagan | no hagan |
| Vos | hacé | no hagas |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | haya hecho |
| Tú | hayas hecho |
| Él / Ella / Usted | haya hecho |
| Nosotros / as | hayamos hecho |
| Vosotros / as | hayáis hecho |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hayan hecho |
| Vos | hayas hecho |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiera hecho / hubiese hecho |
| Tú | hubieras hecho / hubieses hecho |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiera hecho / hubiese hecho |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéramos hecho / hubiésemos hecho |
| Vosotros / as | hubierais hecho / hubieseis hecho |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieran hecho / hubiesen hecho |
| Vos | hubieras hecho / hubieses hecho |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiere hecho |
| Tú | hubieres hecho |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiere hecho |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéremos hecho |
| Vosotros / as | hubiereis hecho |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieren hecho |
| Vos | hubieres hecho |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | esté haciendo |
| Tú | estés haciendo |
| Él / Ella / Usted | esté haciendo |
| Nosotros / as | estemos haciendo |
| Vosotros / as | estéis haciendo |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estén haciendo |
| Vos | estés haciendo |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviera haciendo / estuviese haciendo |
| Tú | estuvieras haciendo / estuvieses haciendo |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviera haciendo / estuviese haciendo |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéramos haciendo / estuviésamos haciendo |
| Vosotros / as | estuvierais haciendo / estuvieseis haciendo |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviera haciendo / estuviese haciendo |
| Vos | estuvieras haciendo / estuvieses haciendo |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviere haciendo |
| Tú | estuvieres haciendo |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviere haciendo |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéremos haciendo |
| Vosotros / as | estuviereis haciendo |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviere haciendo |
| Vos | estuvieres haciendo |
Voseo is the practice of using ‘vos’ instead of ‘tú’ as the second-person singular pronoun, and is common throughout much of South America.
There are various versions of ‘voseo’ used throughout the Spanish-speaking world. The conjugations for the most common type – used throughout Argentina, parts of Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Paraguya and Uruguay are below.
The present indicative (presente de indicativo) and affirmative imperative (imperativo) have different conjugations from the tú form, while all other tenses generally use the tú form.
| Tense | Vos Conjugation |
|---|---|
| Present Indicative Presente de Indicativo | Vos hacés |
| Simle Past / Preterite Preterite de Indicativo | Vos hiciste |
| Imperfect Past Preterite Imperfecto de Indicativo | Vos hacías |
| Conditional Condicional | Vos harías |
| Future Futuro de Indicativo | Vos harás |
| Present Subjunctive Presente de Subjunctivo | Vos hagas |
| Imperfect Subjunctive Imperfecto de Subjunctivo | Vos hicieras / Vos hiciese |
| Affirmative Imperative Imperativo | Vos hacé |
| Negative Imperative Imperativo Negativo | Vos no hagas |
