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Guiñar is a Spanish verb which translates into English as “to wink”.
Below are all of the conjugations for guiñar in Spanish, in all three moods (indicative/indicativo, subjunctive/subjunctivo and imperative/imperativo) and all of the tenses, for each pronoun.
The vosotros pronoun is mainly used in mainland Spain, and is the informal second-person plural – it could be considered the Spanish version of “y’all”. It is rarely found in Latin America, where ustedes is used instead.
The vos form is used instead of tú in some Spanish speaking countries of South America, especially the Southern Cone (e.g. Argentina and Uruguay) and has a different conjugation.
| English Infinitive | to wink |
|---|---|
| Spanish Infinitive | guiñar |
The gerund (gerundio) is used with the continuous tenses, e.g. present continuous (está guiñando) and past continuous (estaba guiñando). The easiest way to think of it is the equivalent of english’s -ing form (e.g. winked).
The past participle (participio) is used with perfect tense ‘haber’ verbs, e.g. he winked and hubiera winked. These are the equivalent of English’s ‘have’ (e.g. have winking).
| Gerundio / Gerund | guiñando |
|---|---|
| Participio / Past Participle | winked |
The basic form of speech, el indicativo is used for making statements, talking about facts, events and things that are certain and objective.
The present tense is as it sounds – it’s for talking about things that are currently going on, which are habitual, or which generally exist. In English, this would be “I wink” or “they wink”.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | guiño |
| Tú | guiñas |
| Él / Ella / Usted | guiña |
| Nosotros / as | guiñamos |
| Vosotros / as | guiñáis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | guiñan |
| Vos | guiñás |
Your simple past tense, e.g. “I wink” or “she wink” in English.
In Spanish, there are two past tenses where just one is used in English; the pretérite infefinido is typically used to refer to a concrete, specific moment in time.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | guiñé | I wink |
| Tú | guiñaste | You wink |
| Él / Ella / Usted | guiñó | He / she / you wink |
| Nosotros / as | guiñamos | We wink |
| Vosotros / as | guiñasteis | You wink |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | guiñaron | They / you wink |
| Vos | guiñaste | You wink |
The pretérito imperfecto roughly translates as “I was winked” or “she was winked” in English, and is typically used to describe things and set a scene, talk about events without a specific timeframe, or talk about habitual events or states in the past.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | guiñaba | I was winked |
| Tú | guiñabas | You were winked |
| Él / Ella / Usted | guiñaba | He was / she was / you were winked |
| Nosotros / as | guiñábamos | We were winked |
| Vosotros / as | guiñabais | You were winked |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | guiñaban | They / you were winked |
| Vos | guiñabas | You were winked |
The perfect tense is for talking about things which happened in the past but are still related to the present or continue into the present.
In English, these use the auxiliary verbs ‘have’ and ‘has’ – i.e. “I have winking” and “she has winking”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | he winked | I have winking |
| Tú | has winked | You have winking |
| Él / Ella / Usted | ha winked | He has / she has / you have winking |
| Nosotros / as | hemos winked | We have winking |
| Vosotros / as | habéis winked | You have winking |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | han winked | They / you have winking |
| Vos | has winked | You have winking |
The conditional is used in place of the English modal verb “would”, i.e. “I would wink” or “she would wink”. It can be used to talk about hypothetical situations.
| Pronoun | Spanish | Englush |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | guiñaría | I would wink |
| Tú | guiñarías | You would wink |
| Él / Ella / Usted | guiñaría | He / she / you would wink |
| Nosotros / as | guiñaríamos | We would wink |
| Vosotros / as | guiñaríais | You would wink |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | guiñarían | They / you would wink |
| Vos | guiñarías | You would wink |
The future tense, simply put, replaces the English modal verb “will” – i.e. “I will wink” or “they will wink”.
It is more commonly used for making a hypothesis about the present. To talk about the future, Spanish speakers frequently use “ir + a + infinivo”, e.g. “van a guiñar” means “They are going to wink”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | guiñaré | I will wink |
| Tú | guiñarás | You will wink |
| Él / Ella / Usted | guiñará | He / she / you will wink |
| Nosotros / as | guiñaremos | We will wink |
| Vosotros / as | guiñaréis | You will wink |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | guiñarán | They / you will wink |
| Vos | guiñarás | You will wink |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | guiñe |
| Tú | guiñes |
| Él / Ella / Usted | guiñe |
| Nosotros / as | guiñemos |
| Vosotros / as | guiñéis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | guiñen |
| Vos | guiñes |
There are two ways to form the imperfect subjunctive.
The first option sees verbs ending in -era (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ara (for -ar verbs), while the second sees verbs ending in -ese (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ase (for -ar verbs).
There is no difference between these two forms, and Spanish speakers use them interchangeably.
| Pronoun | Spanish era/ara | Spanish ese/ase |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | guiñara | guiñase |
| Tú | guiñaras | guiñase |
| Él / Ella / Usted | guiñara | guiñase |
| Nosotros / as | guiñáramos | guiñásemos |
| Vosotros / as | guiñarais | guiñaseis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | guiñaran | guiñasen |
| Vos | guiñaras | guiñase |
The future subjunctive is no longer used in modern-day Spanish, apart from in literary and legal contexts, and there is no need to learn it.
It is formed the same as the past/imperfect subjunctive, but with -e endings instead of -a endings.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | guiñare |
| Tú | guiñares |
| Él / Ella / Usted | guiñare |
| Nosotros / as | guiñáremos |
| Vosotros / as | guiñareis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | guiñaren |
| Vos | guiñares |
Used for forming positive and negative commands, e.g. “wink!” and “don’t wink!”.
| Pronoun | Spanish Affirmative | Spanish Negative |
|---|---|---|
| Tú | guiña | no guiñes |
| Él / Ella / Usted | guiñe | no guiñe |
| Nosotros / as | guiñemos | no guiñemos |
| Vosotros / as | guiñad | no guiñéis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | guiñen | no guiñen |
| Vos | guiñá | no guiñes |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | haya winked |
| Tú | hayas winked |
| Él / Ella / Usted | haya winked |
| Nosotros / as | hayamos winked |
| Vosotros / as | hayáis winked |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hayan winked |
| Vos | hayas winked |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiera winked / hubiese winked |
| Tú | hubieras winked / hubieses winked |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiera winked / hubiese winked |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéramos winked / hubiésemos winked |
| Vosotros / as | hubierais winked / hubieseis winked |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieran winked / hubiesen winked |
| Vos | hubieras winked / hubieses winked |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiere winked |
| Tú | hubieres winked |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiere winked |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéremos winked |
| Vosotros / as | hubiereis winked |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieren winked |
| Vos | hubieres winked |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | esté guiñando |
| Tú | estés guiñando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | esté guiñando |
| Nosotros / as | estemos guiñando |
| Vosotros / as | estéis guiñando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estén guiñando |
| Vos | estés guiñando |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviera guiñando / estuviese guiñando |
| Tú | estuvieras guiñando / estuvieses guiñando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviera guiñando / estuviese guiñando |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéramos guiñando / estuviésamos guiñando |
| Vosotros / as | estuvierais guiñando / estuvieseis guiñando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviera guiñando / estuviese guiñando |
| Vos | estuvieras guiñando / estuvieses guiñando |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviere guiñando |
| Tú | estuvieres guiñando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviere guiñando |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéremos guiñando |
| Vosotros / as | estuviereis guiñando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviere guiñando |
| Vos | estuvieres guiñando |
Voseo is the practice of using ‘vos’ instead of ‘tú’ as the second-person singular pronoun, and is common throughout much of South America.
There are various versions of ‘voseo’ used throughout the Spanish-speaking world. The conjugations for the most common type – used throughout Argentina, parts of Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Paraguya and Uruguay are below.
The present indicative (presente de indicativo) and affirmative imperative (imperativo) have different conjugations from the tú form, while all other tenses generally use the tú form.
| Tense | Vos Conjugation |
|---|---|
| Present Indicative Presente de Indicativo | Vos guiñás |
| Simle Past / Preterite Preterite de Indicativo | Vos guiñaste |
| Imperfect Past Preterite Imperfecto de Indicativo | Vos guiñabas |
| Conditional Condicional | Vos guiñarías |
| Future Futuro de Indicativo | Vos guiñarás |
| Present Subjunctive Presente de Subjunctivo | Vos guiñes |
| Imperfect Subjunctive Imperfecto de Subjunctivo | Vos guiñaras / Vos guiñase |
| Affirmative Imperative Imperativo | Vos guiñá |
| Negative Imperative Imperativo Negativo | Vos no guiñes |