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Ensimismarse is a Spanish verb which translates into English as “to become lost or absorbed in thought”.
It’s a reflexive verb, which means the subject performs the action upon themselves – e.g. “I wake myself”.
Reflexive verbs always carry a reflexive pronoun – me, te, se, nos or os – which is often placed before the conjugated verb (e.g. me ensimismo) or after the infinitive (e.g. Él tiene que ensimismarse).
Below are all of the conjugations for ensimismarse in Spanish, in all three moods (indicative/indicativo, subjunctive/subjunctivo and imperative/imperativo) and all of the tenses, for each pronoun.
The vosotros pronoun is mainly used in mainland Spain, and is the informal second-person plural – it could be considered the Spanish version of “y’all”. It is rarely found in Latin America, where ustedes is used instead.
The vos form is used instead of tú in some Spanish speaking countries of South America, especially the Southern Cone (e.g. Argentina and Uruguay) and has a different conjugation.
| English Infinitive | to become lost or absorbed in thought |
|---|---|
| Spanish Infinitive | ensimismarse |
The gerund (gerundio) is used with the continuous tenses, e.g. present continuous (está ensimismándose) and past continuous (estaba ensimismándose). The easiest way to think of it is the equivalent of english’s -ing form (e.g. becoming lost in).
The past participle (participio) is used with perfect tense ‘haber’ verbs, e.g. he ensimismado and hubiera ensimismado. These are the equivalent of English’s ‘have’ (e.g. have become lost in).
| Gerundio / Gerund | ensimismándose |
|---|---|
| Participio / Past Participle | ensimismado |
The basic form of speech, el indicativo is used for making statements, talking about facts, events and things that are certain and objective.
The present tense is as it sounds – it’s for talking about things that are currently going on, which are habitual, or which generally exist. In English, this would be “I become lost in” or “they become lost in”.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | me ensimismo |
| Tú | te ensimismas |
| Él / Ella / Usted | se ensimisma |
| Nosotros / as | nos ensimismamos |
| Vosotros / as | os ensimismáis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | se ensimisman |
| Vos | te ensimismás |
Your simple past tense, e.g. “I became lost in” or “she became lost in” in English.
In Spanish, there are two past tenses where just one is used in English; the pretérite infefinido is typically used to refer to a concrete, specific moment in time.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | me ensimismé | I became lost in |
| Tú | te ensimismaste | You became lost in |
| Él / Ella / Usted | se ensimismó | He / she / you became lost in |
| Nosotros / as | nos ensimismamos | We became lost in |
| Vosotros / as | os ensimismasteis | You became lost in |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | se ensimismaron | They / you became lost in |
| Vos | te ensimismaste | You became lost in |
The pretérito imperfecto roughly translates as “I was becoming lost in” or “she was becoming lost in” in English, and is typically used to describe things and set a scene, talk about events without a specific timeframe, or talk about habitual events or states in the past.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | me ensimismaba | I was becoming lost in |
| Tú | te ensimismabas | You were becoming lost in |
| Él / Ella / Usted | se ensimismaba | He was / she was / you were becoming lost in |
| Nosotros / as | nos ensimismábamos | We were becoming lost in |
| Vosotros / as | os ensimismabais | You were becoming lost in |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | se ensimismaban | They / you were becoming lost in |
| Vos | te ensimismabas | You were becoming lost in |
The perfect tense is for talking about things which happened in the past but are still related to the present or continue into the present.
In English, these use the auxiliary verbs ‘have’ and ‘has’ – i.e. “I have become lost in” and “she has become lost in”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | me he ensimismado | I have become lost in |
| Tú | te has ensimismado | You have become lost in |
| Él / Ella / Usted | se ha ensimismado | He has / she has / you have become lost in |
| Nosotros / as | nos hemos ensimismado | We have become lost in |
| Vosotros / as | os habéis ensimismado | You have become lost in |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | se han ensimismado | They / you have become lost in |
| Vos | te has ensimismado | You have become lost in |
The conditional is used in place of the English modal verb “would”, i.e. “I would become lost in” or “she would become lost in”. It can be used to talk about hypothetical situations.
| Pronoun | Spanish | Englush |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | me ensimismaría | I would become lost in |
| Tú | te ensimismarías | You would become lost in |
| Él / Ella / Usted | se ensimismaría | He / she / you would become lost in |
| Nosotros / as | nos ensimismaríamos | We would become lost in |
| Vosotros / as | os ensimismaríais | You would become lost in |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | se ensimismarían | They / you would become lost in |
| Vos | te ensimismarías | You would become lost in |
The future tense, simply put, replaces the English modal verb “will” – i.e. “I will become lost in” or “they will become lost in”.
It is more commonly used for making a hypothesis about the present. To talk about the future, Spanish speakers frequently use “ir + a + infinivo”, e.g. “van a ensimismarse” means “They are going to become lost in”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | me ensimismaré | I will become lost in |
| Tú | te ensimismarás | You will become lost in |
| Él / Ella / Usted | se ensimismará | He / she / you will become lost in |
| Nosotros / as | nos ensimismaremos | We will become lost in |
| Vosotros / as | os ensimismaréis | You will become lost in |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | se ensimismarán | They / you will become lost in |
| Vos | te ensimismarás | You will become lost in |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | me ensimisme |
| Tú | te ensimismes |
| Él / Ella / Usted | se ensimisme |
| Nosotros / as | nos ensimismemos |
| Vosotros / as | os ensimisméis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | se ensimismen |
| Vos | te ensimismes |
There are two ways to form the imperfect subjunctive.
The first option sees verbs ending in -era (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ara (for -ar verbs), while the second sees verbs ending in -ese (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ase (for -ar verbs).
There is no difference between these two forms, and Spanish speakers use them interchangeably.
| Pronoun | Spanish era/ara | Spanish ese/ase |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | me ensimismara | me ensimismase |
| Tú | te ensimismaras | me ensimismase |
| Él / Ella / Usted | se ensimismara | se ensimismase |
| Nosotros / as | nos ensimismáramos | nos ensimismásemos |
| Vosotros / as | os ensimismarais | os ensimismaseis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | se ensimismaran | se ensimismasen |
| Vos | te ensimismaras | me ensimismase |
The future subjunctive is no longer used in modern-day Spanish, apart from in literary and legal contexts, and there is no need to learn it.
It is formed the same as the past/imperfect subjunctive, but with -e endings instead of -a endings.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | me ensimismare |
| Tú | te ensimismares |
| Él / Ella / Usted | se ensimismare |
| Nosotros / as | nos ensimismáremos |
| Vosotros / as | os ensimismareis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | se ensimismaren |
| Vos | te ensimismares |
Used for forming positive and negative commands, e.g. “become lost in!” and “don’t become lost in!”.
| Pronoun | Spanish Affirmative | Spanish Negative |
|---|---|---|
| Tú | ensimísmate | no te ensimismes |
| Él / Ella / Usted | ensimísmese | no se ensimisme |
| Nosotros / as | ensimismémonos | no nos ensimismemos |
| Vosotros / as | ensimismaos | no os ensimisméis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | ensimísmense | no se ensimismen |
| Vos | ensimismate | no te ensimismes |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | haya ensimismado |
| Tú | hayas ensimismado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | haya ensimismado |
| Nosotros / as | hayamos ensimismado |
| Vosotros / as | hayáis ensimismado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hayan ensimismado |
| Vos | hayas ensimismado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiera ensimismado / hubiese ensimismado |
| Tú | hubieras ensimismado / hubieses ensimismado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiera ensimismado / hubiese ensimismado |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéramos ensimismado / hubiésemos ensimismado |
| Vosotros / as | hubierais ensimismado / hubieseis ensimismado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieran ensimismado / hubiesen ensimismado |
| Vos | hubieras ensimismado / hubieses ensimismado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiere ensimismado |
| Tú | hubieres ensimismado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiere ensimismado |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéremos ensimismado |
| Vosotros / as | hubiereis ensimismado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieren ensimismado |
| Vos | hubieres ensimismado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | esté ensimismándose |
| Tú | estés ensimismándose |
| Él / Ella / Usted | esté ensimismándose |
| Nosotros / as | estemos ensimismándose |
| Vosotros / as | estéis ensimismándose |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estén ensimismándose |
| Vos | estés ensimismándose |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviera ensimismándose / estuviese ensimismándose |
| Tú | estuvieras ensimismándose / estuvieses ensimismándose |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviera ensimismándose / estuviese ensimismándose |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéramos ensimismándose / estuviésamos ensimismándose |
| Vosotros / as | estuvierais ensimismándose / estuvieseis ensimismándose |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviera ensimismándose / estuviese ensimismándose |
| Vos | estuvieras ensimismándose / estuvieses ensimismándose |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviere ensimismándose |
| Tú | estuvieres ensimismándose |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviere ensimismándose |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéremos ensimismándose |
| Vosotros / as | estuviereis ensimismándose |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviere ensimismándose |
| Vos | estuvieres ensimismándose |
Voseo is the practice of using ‘vos’ instead of ‘tú’ as the second-person singular pronoun, and is common throughout much of South America.
There are various versions of ‘voseo’ used throughout the Spanish-speaking world. The conjugations for the most common type – used throughout Argentina, parts of Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Paraguya and Uruguay are below.
The present indicative (presente de indicativo) and affirmative imperative (imperativo) have different conjugations from the tú form, while all other tenses generally use the tú form.
| Tense | Vos Conjugation |
|---|---|
| Present Indicative Presente de Indicativo | Vos te ensimismás |
| Simle Past / Preterite Preterite de Indicativo | Vos te ensimismaste |
| Imperfect Past Preterite Imperfecto de Indicativo | Vos te ensimismabas |
| Conditional Condicional | Vos te ensimismarías |
| Future Futuro de Indicativo | Vos te ensimismarás |
| Present Subjunctive Presente de Subjunctivo | Vos te ensimismes |
| Imperfect Subjunctive Imperfecto de Subjunctivo | Vos te ensimismaras / Vos me ensimismase |
| Affirmative Imperative Imperativo | Vos ensimismate |
| Negative Imperative Imperativo Negativo | Vos no te ensimismes |