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Destituir is a Spanish verb which translates into English as “to dismiss, discharge”.
Below are all of the conjugations for destituir in Spanish, in all three moods (indicative/indicativo, subjunctive/subjunctivo and imperative/imperativo) and all of the tenses, for each pronoun.
The vosotros pronoun is mainly used in mainland Spain, and is the informal second-person plural – it could be considered the Spanish version of “y’all”. It is rarely found in Latin America, where ustedes is used instead.
The vos form is used instead of tú in some Spanish speaking countries of South America, especially the Southern Cone (e.g. Argentina and Uruguay) and has a different conjugation.
| English Infinitive | to dismiss, discharge |
|---|---|
| Spanish Infinitive | destituir |
The gerund (gerundio) is used with the continuous tenses, e.g. present continuous (está destituyendo) and past continuous (estaba destituyendo). The easiest way to think of it is the equivalent of english’s -ing form (e.g. dismissing).
The past participle (participio) is used with perfect tense ‘haber’ verbs, e.g. he destituido and hubiera destituido. These are the equivalent of English’s ‘have’ (e.g. have dismissed).
| Gerundio / Gerund | destituyendo |
|---|---|
| Participio / Past Participle | destituido |
The basic form of speech, el indicativo is used for making statements, talking about facts, events and things that are certain and objective.
The present tense is as it sounds – it’s for talking about things that are currently going on, which are habitual, or which generally exist. In English, this would be “I dismiss” or “they dismiss”.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | destituyo |
| Tú | destituyes |
| Él / Ella / Usted | destituye |
| Nosotros / as | destituimos |
| Vosotros / as | destituís |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | destituyen |
| Vos | destituís |
Your simple past tense, e.g. “I dismissed” or “she dismissed” in English.
In Spanish, there are two past tenses where just one is used in English; the pretérite infefinido is typically used to refer to a concrete, specific moment in time.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | destituí | I dismissed |
| Tú | destituiste | You dismissed |
| Él / Ella / Usted | destituyó | He / she / you dismissed |
| Nosotros / as | destituimos | We dismissed |
| Vosotros / as | destituisteis | You dismissed |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | destituyeron | They / you dismissed |
| Vos | destituiste | You dismissed |
The pretérito imperfecto roughly translates as “I was dismissing” or “she was dismissing” in English, and is typically used to describe things and set a scene, talk about events without a specific timeframe, or talk about habitual events or states in the past.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | destituía | I was dismissing |
| Tú | destituías | You were dismissing |
| Él / Ella / Usted | destituía | He was / she was / you were dismissing |
| Nosotros / as | destituíamos | We were dismissing |
| Vosotros / as | destituíais | You were dismissing |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | destituían | They / you were dismissing |
| Vos | destituías | You were dismissing |
The perfect tense is for talking about things which happened in the past but are still related to the present or continue into the present.
In English, these use the auxiliary verbs ‘have’ and ‘has’ – i.e. “I have dismissed” and “she has dismissed”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | he destituido | I have dismissed |
| Tú | has destituido | You have dismissed |
| Él / Ella / Usted | ha destituido | He has / she has / you have dismissed |
| Nosotros / as | hemos destituido | We have dismissed |
| Vosotros / as | habéis destituido | You have dismissed |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | han destituido | They / you have dismissed |
| Vos | has destituido | You have dismissed |
The conditional is used in place of the English modal verb “would”, i.e. “I would dismiss” or “she would dismiss”. It can be used to talk about hypothetical situations.
| Pronoun | Spanish | Englush |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | destituiría | I would dismiss |
| Tú | destituirías | You would dismiss |
| Él / Ella / Usted | destituiría | He / she / you would dismiss |
| Nosotros / as | destituiríamos | We would dismiss |
| Vosotros / as | destituiríais | You would dismiss |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | destituirían | They / you would dismiss |
| Vos | destituirías | You would dismiss |
The future tense, simply put, replaces the English modal verb “will” – i.e. “I will dismiss” or “they will dismiss”.
It is more commonly used for making a hypothesis about the present. To talk about the future, Spanish speakers frequently use “ir + a + infinivo”, e.g. “van a destituir” means “They are going to dismiss”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | destituiré | I will dismiss |
| Tú | destituirás | You will dismiss |
| Él / Ella / Usted | destituirá | He / she / you will dismiss |
| Nosotros / as | destituiremos | We will dismiss |
| Vosotros / as | destituiréis | You will dismiss |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | destituirán | They / you will dismiss |
| Vos | destituirás | You will dismiss |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | destituya |
| Tú | destituyas |
| Él / Ella / Usted | destituya |
| Nosotros / as | destituyamos |
| Vosotros / as | destituyáis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | destituyan |
| Vos | destituyas |
There are two ways to form the imperfect subjunctive.
The first option sees verbs ending in -era (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ara (for -ar verbs), while the second sees verbs ending in -ese (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ase (for -ar verbs).
There is no difference between these two forms, and Spanish speakers use them interchangeably.
| Pronoun | Spanish era/ara | Spanish ese/ase |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | destituyera | destituyese |
| Tú | destituyeras | destituyese |
| Él / Ella / Usted | destituyera | destituyese |
| Nosotros / as | destituyéramos | destituyésemos |
| Vosotros / as | destituyerais | destituyeseis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | destituyeran | destituyesen |
| Vos | destituyeras | destituyese |
The future subjunctive is no longer used in modern-day Spanish, apart from in literary and legal contexts, and there is no need to learn it.
It is formed the same as the past/imperfect subjunctive, but with -e endings instead of -a endings.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | destituyere |
| Tú | destituyeres |
| Él / Ella / Usted | destituyera |
| Nosotros / as | destituyéremos |
| Vosotros / as | destituyereis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | destituyeren |
| Vos | destituyeres |
Used for forming positive and negative commands, e.g. “dismiss!” and “don’t dismiss!”.
| Pronoun | Spanish Affirmative | Spanish Negative |
|---|---|---|
| Tú | destituye | no destituyas |
| Él / Ella / Usted | destituya | no destituya |
| Nosotros / as | destituyamos | no destituyamos |
| Vosotros / as | destituid | no destituyáis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | destituyan | no destituyan |
| Vos | destituí | no destituyas |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | haya destituido |
| Tú | hayas destituido |
| Él / Ella / Usted | haya destituido |
| Nosotros / as | hayamos destituido |
| Vosotros / as | hayáis destituido |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hayan destituido |
| Vos | hayas destituido |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiera destituido / hubiese destituido |
| Tú | hubieras destituido / hubieses destituido |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiera destituido / hubiese destituido |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéramos destituido / hubiésemos destituido |
| Vosotros / as | hubierais destituido / hubieseis destituido |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieran destituido / hubiesen destituido |
| Vos | hubieras destituido / hubieses destituido |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiere destituido |
| Tú | hubieres destituido |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiere destituido |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéremos destituido |
| Vosotros / as | hubiereis destituido |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieren destituido |
| Vos | hubieres destituido |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | esté destituyendo |
| Tú | estés destituyendo |
| Él / Ella / Usted | esté destituyendo |
| Nosotros / as | estemos destituyendo |
| Vosotros / as | estéis destituyendo |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estén destituyendo |
| Vos | estés destituyendo |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviera destituyendo / estuviese destituyendo |
| Tú | estuvieras destituyendo / estuvieses destituyendo |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviera destituyendo / estuviese destituyendo |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéramos destituyendo / estuviésamos destituyendo |
| Vosotros / as | estuvierais destituyendo / estuvieseis destituyendo |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviera destituyendo / estuviese destituyendo |
| Vos | estuvieras destituyendo / estuvieses destituyendo |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviere destituyendo |
| Tú | estuvieres destituyendo |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviere destituyendo |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéremos destituyendo |
| Vosotros / as | estuviereis destituyendo |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviere destituyendo |
| Vos | estuvieres destituyendo |
Voseo is the practice of using ‘vos’ instead of ‘tú’ as the second-person singular pronoun, and is common throughout much of South America.
There are various versions of ‘voseo’ used throughout the Spanish-speaking world. The conjugations for the most common type – used throughout Argentina, parts of Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Paraguya and Uruguay are below.
The present indicative (presente de indicativo) and affirmative imperative (imperativo) have different conjugations from the tú form, while all other tenses generally use the tú form.
| Tense | Vos Conjugation |
|---|---|
| Present Indicative Presente de Indicativo | Vos destituís |
| Simle Past / Preterite Preterite de Indicativo | Vos destituiste |
| Imperfect Past Preterite Imperfecto de Indicativo | Vos destituías |
| Conditional Condicional | Vos destituirías |
| Future Futuro de Indicativo | Vos destituirás |
| Present Subjunctive Presente de Subjunctivo | Vos destituyas |
| Imperfect Subjunctive Imperfecto de Subjunctivo | Vos destituyeras / Vos destituyese |
| Affirmative Imperative Imperativo | Vos destituí |
| Negative Imperative Imperativo Negativo | Vos no destituyas |