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Desajustar is a Spanish verb which translates into English as “to put out of order, disarrange”.
Below are all of the conjugations for desajustar in Spanish, in all three moods (indicative/indicativo, subjunctive/subjunctivo and imperative/imperativo) and all of the tenses, for each pronoun.
The vosotros pronoun is mainly used in mainland Spain, and is the informal second-person plural – it could be considered the Spanish version of “y’all”. It is rarely found in Latin America, where ustedes is used instead.
The vos form is used instead of tú in some Spanish speaking countries of South America, especially the Southern Cone (e.g. Argentina and Uruguay) and has a different conjugation.
| English Infinitive | to put out of order, disarrange |
|---|---|
| Spanish Infinitive | desajustar |
The gerund (gerundio) is used with the continuous tenses, e.g. present continuous (está desajustando) and past continuous (estaba desajustando). The easiest way to think of it is the equivalent of english’s -ing form (e.g. disarranging).
The past participle (participio) is used with perfect tense ‘haber’ verbs, e.g. he desajustado and hubiera desajustado. These are the equivalent of English’s ‘have’ (e.g. have disarranged).
| Gerundio / Gerund | desajustando |
|---|---|
| Participio / Past Participle | desajustado |
The basic form of speech, el indicativo is used for making statements, talking about facts, events and things that are certain and objective.
The present tense is as it sounds – it’s for talking about things that are currently going on, which are habitual, or which generally exist. In English, this would be “I disarrange” or “they disarrange”.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | desajusto |
| Tú | desajustas |
| Él / Ella / Usted | desajusta |
| Nosotros / as | desajustamos |
| Vosotros / as | desajustáis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | desajustan |
| Vos | desajustás |
Your simple past tense, e.g. “I disarranged” or “she disarranged” in English.
In Spanish, there are two past tenses where just one is used in English; the pretérite infefinido is typically used to refer to a concrete, specific moment in time.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | desajusté | I disarranged |
| Tú | desajustaste | You disarranged |
| Él / Ella / Usted | desajustó | He / she / you disarranged |
| Nosotros / as | desajustamos | We disarranged |
| Vosotros / as | desajustasteis | You disarranged |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | desajustaron | They / you disarranged |
| Vos | desajustaste | You disarranged |
The pretérito imperfecto roughly translates as “I was disarranging” or “she was disarranging” in English, and is typically used to describe things and set a scene, talk about events without a specific timeframe, or talk about habitual events or states in the past.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | desajustaba | I was disarranging |
| Tú | desajustabas | You were disarranging |
| Él / Ella / Usted | desajustaba | He was / she was / you were disarranging |
| Nosotros / as | desajustábamos | We were disarranging |
| Vosotros / as | desajustabais | You were disarranging |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | desajustaban | They / you were disarranging |
| Vos | desajustabas | You were disarranging |
The perfect tense is for talking about things which happened in the past but are still related to the present or continue into the present.
In English, these use the auxiliary verbs ‘have’ and ‘has’ – i.e. “I have disarranged” and “she has disarranged”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | he desajustado | I have disarranged |
| Tú | has desajustado | You have disarranged |
| Él / Ella / Usted | ha desajustado | He has / she has / you have disarranged |
| Nosotros / as | hemos desajustado | We have disarranged |
| Vosotros / as | habéis desajustado | You have disarranged |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | han desajustado | They / you have disarranged |
| Vos | has desajustado | You have disarranged |
The conditional is used in place of the English modal verb “would”, i.e. “I would disarrange” or “she would disarrange”. It can be used to talk about hypothetical situations.
| Pronoun | Spanish | Englush |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | desajustaría | I would disarrange |
| Tú | desajustarías | You would disarrange |
| Él / Ella / Usted | desajustaría | He / she / you would disarrange |
| Nosotros / as | desajustaríamos | We would disarrange |
| Vosotros / as | desajustaríais | You would disarrange |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | desajustarían | They / you would disarrange |
| Vos | desajustarías | You would disarrange |
The future tense, simply put, replaces the English modal verb “will” – i.e. “I will disarrange” or “they will disarrange”.
It is more commonly used for making a hypothesis about the present. To talk about the future, Spanish speakers frequently use “ir + a + infinivo”, e.g. “van a desajustar” means “They are going to disarrange”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | desajustaré | I will disarrange |
| Tú | desajustarás | You will disarrange |
| Él / Ella / Usted | desajustará | He / she / you will disarrange |
| Nosotros / as | desajustaremos | We will disarrange |
| Vosotros / as | desajustaréis | You will disarrange |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | desajustarán | They / you will disarrange |
| Vos | desajustarás | You will disarrange |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | desajuste |
| Tú | desajustes |
| Él / Ella / Usted | desajuste |
| Nosotros / as | desajustemos |
| Vosotros / as | desajustéis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | desajusten |
| Vos | desajustes |
There are two ways to form the imperfect subjunctive.
The first option sees verbs ending in -era (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ara (for -ar verbs), while the second sees verbs ending in -ese (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ase (for -ar verbs).
There is no difference between these two forms, and Spanish speakers use them interchangeably.
| Pronoun | Spanish era/ara | Spanish ese/ase |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | desajustara | desajustase |
| Tú | desajustaras | desajustase |
| Él / Ella / Usted | desajustara | desajustase |
| Nosotros / as | desajustáramos | desajustásemos |
| Vosotros / as | desajustarais | desajustaseis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | desajustaran | desajustasen |
| Vos | desajustaras | desajustase |
The future subjunctive is no longer used in modern-day Spanish, apart from in literary and legal contexts, and there is no need to learn it.
It is formed the same as the past/imperfect subjunctive, but with -e endings instead of -a endings.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | desajustare |
| Tú | desajustares |
| Él / Ella / Usted | desajustare |
| Nosotros / as | desajustáremos |
| Vosotros / as | desajustareis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | desajustaren |
| Vos | desajustares |
Used for forming positive and negative commands, e.g. “disarrange!” and “don’t disarrange!”.
| Pronoun | Spanish Affirmative | Spanish Negative |
|---|---|---|
| Tú | desajusta | no desajustes |
| Él / Ella / Usted | desajuste | no desajuste |
| Nosotros / as | desajustemos | no desajustemos |
| Vosotros / as | desajustad | no desajustéis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | desajusten | no desajusten |
| Vos | desajustá | no desajustes |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | haya desajustado |
| Tú | hayas desajustado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | haya desajustado |
| Nosotros / as | hayamos desajustado |
| Vosotros / as | hayáis desajustado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hayan desajustado |
| Vos | hayas desajustado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiera desajustado / hubiese desajustado |
| Tú | hubieras desajustado / hubieses desajustado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiera desajustado / hubiese desajustado |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéramos desajustado / hubiésemos desajustado |
| Vosotros / as | hubierais desajustado / hubieseis desajustado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieran desajustado / hubiesen desajustado |
| Vos | hubieras desajustado / hubieses desajustado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiere desajustado |
| Tú | hubieres desajustado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiere desajustado |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéremos desajustado |
| Vosotros / as | hubiereis desajustado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieren desajustado |
| Vos | hubieres desajustado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | esté desajustando |
| Tú | estés desajustando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | esté desajustando |
| Nosotros / as | estemos desajustando |
| Vosotros / as | estéis desajustando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estén desajustando |
| Vos | estés desajustando |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviera desajustando / estuviese desajustando |
| Tú | estuvieras desajustando / estuvieses desajustando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviera desajustando / estuviese desajustando |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéramos desajustando / estuviésamos desajustando |
| Vosotros / as | estuvierais desajustando / estuvieseis desajustando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviera desajustando / estuviese desajustando |
| Vos | estuvieras desajustando / estuvieses desajustando |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviere desajustando |
| Tú | estuvieres desajustando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviere desajustando |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéremos desajustando |
| Vosotros / as | estuviereis desajustando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviere desajustando |
| Vos | estuvieres desajustando |
Voseo is the practice of using ‘vos’ instead of ‘tú’ as the second-person singular pronoun, and is common throughout much of South America.
There are various versions of ‘voseo’ used throughout the Spanish-speaking world. The conjugations for the most common type – used throughout Argentina, parts of Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Paraguya and Uruguay are below.
The present indicative (presente de indicativo) and affirmative imperative (imperativo) have different conjugations from the tú form, while all other tenses generally use the tú form.
| Tense | Vos Conjugation |
|---|---|
| Present Indicative Presente de Indicativo | Vos desajustás |
| Simle Past / Preterite Preterite de Indicativo | Vos desajustaste |
| Imperfect Past Preterite Imperfecto de Indicativo | Vos desajustabas |
| Conditional Condicional | Vos desajustarías |
| Future Futuro de Indicativo | Vos desajustarás |
| Present Subjunctive Presente de Subjunctivo | Vos desajustes |
| Imperfect Subjunctive Imperfecto de Subjunctivo | Vos desajustaras / Vos desajustase |
| Affirmative Imperative Imperativo | Vos desajustá |
| Negative Imperative Imperativo Negativo | Vos no desajustes |