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Denegar is a Spanish verb which translates into English as “to deny, refuse, reject”.
Below are all of the conjugations for denegar in Spanish, in all three moods (indicative/indicativo, subjunctive/subjunctivo and imperative/imperativo) and all of the tenses, for each pronoun.
The vosotros pronoun is mainly used in mainland Spain, and is the informal second-person plural – it could be considered the Spanish version of “y’all”. It is rarely found in Latin America, where ustedes is used instead.
The vos form is used instead of tú in some Spanish speaking countries of South America, especially the Southern Cone (e.g. Argentina and Uruguay) and has a different conjugation.
| English Infinitive | to deny, refuse, reject |
|---|---|
| Spanish Infinitive | denegar |
The gerund (gerundio) is used with the continuous tenses, e.g. present continuous (está denegando) and past continuous (estaba denegando). The easiest way to think of it is the equivalent of english’s -ing form (e.g. denying).
The past participle (participio) is used with perfect tense ‘haber’ verbs, e.g. he denegado and hubiera denegado. These are the equivalent of English’s ‘have’ (e.g. have denied).
| Gerundio / Gerund | denegando |
|---|---|
| Participio / Past Participle | denegado |
The basic form of speech, el indicativo is used for making statements, talking about facts, events and things that are certain and objective.
The present tense is as it sounds – it’s for talking about things that are currently going on, which are habitual, or which generally exist. In English, this would be “I deny” or “they deny”.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | deniego |
| Tú | deniegas |
| Él / Ella / Usted | deniega |
| Nosotros / as | denegamos |
| Vosotros / as | denegáis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | deniegan |
| Vos | denegás |
Your simple past tense, e.g. “I denied” or “she denied” in English.
In Spanish, there are two past tenses where just one is used in English; the pretérite infefinido is typically used to refer to a concrete, specific moment in time.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | denegué | I denied |
| Tú | denegaste | You denied |
| Él / Ella / Usted | denegó | He / she / you denied |
| Nosotros / as | denegamos | We denied |
| Vosotros / as | denegasteis | You denied |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | denegaron | They / you denied |
| Vos | denegaste | You denied |
The pretérito imperfecto roughly translates as “I was denying” or “she was denying” in English, and is typically used to describe things and set a scene, talk about events without a specific timeframe, or talk about habitual events or states in the past.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | denegaba | I was denying |
| Tú | denegabas | You were denying |
| Él / Ella / Usted | denegaba | He was / she was / you were denying |
| Nosotros / as | denegábamos | We were denying |
| Vosotros / as | denegabais | You were denying |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | denegaban | They / you were denying |
| Vos | denegabas | You were denying |
The perfect tense is for talking about things which happened in the past but are still related to the present or continue into the present.
In English, these use the auxiliary verbs ‘have’ and ‘has’ – i.e. “I have denied” and “she has denied”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | he denegado | I have denied |
| Tú | has denegado | You have denied |
| Él / Ella / Usted | ha denegado | He has / she has / you have denied |
| Nosotros / as | hemos denegado | We have denied |
| Vosotros / as | habéis denegado | You have denied |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | han denegado | They / you have denied |
| Vos | has denegado | You have denied |
The conditional is used in place of the English modal verb “would”, i.e. “I would deny” or “she would deny”. It can be used to talk about hypothetical situations.
| Pronoun | Spanish | Englush |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | denegaría | I would deny |
| Tú | denegarías | You would deny |
| Él / Ella / Usted | denegaría | He / she / you would deny |
| Nosotros / as | denegaríamos | We would deny |
| Vosotros / as | denegaríais | You would deny |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | denegarían | They / you would deny |
| Vos | denegarías | You would deny |
The future tense, simply put, replaces the English modal verb “will” – i.e. “I will deny” or “they will deny”.
It is more commonly used for making a hypothesis about the present. To talk about the future, Spanish speakers frequently use “ir + a + infinivo”, e.g. “van a denegar” means “They are going to deny”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | denegaré | I will deny |
| Tú | denegarás | You will deny |
| Él / Ella / Usted | denegará | He / she / you will deny |
| Nosotros / as | denegaremos | We will deny |
| Vosotros / as | denegaréis | You will deny |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | denegarán | They / you will deny |
| Vos | denegarás | You will deny |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | deniegue |
| Tú | deniegues |
| Él / Ella / Usted | deniegue |
| Nosotros / as | deneguemos |
| Vosotros / as | deneguéis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | denieguen |
| Vos | deniegues |
There are two ways to form the imperfect subjunctive.
The first option sees verbs ending in -era (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ara (for -ar verbs), while the second sees verbs ending in -ese (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ase (for -ar verbs).
There is no difference between these two forms, and Spanish speakers use them interchangeably.
| Pronoun | Spanish era/ara | Spanish ese/ase |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | denegara | denegase |
| Tú | denegaras | denegase |
| Él / Ella / Usted | denegara | denegase |
| Nosotros / as | denegáramos | denegásemos |
| Vosotros / as | denegarais | denegaseis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | denegaran | denegasen |
| Vos | denegaras | denegase |
The future subjunctive is no longer used in modern-day Spanish, apart from in literary and legal contexts, and there is no need to learn it.
It is formed the same as the past/imperfect subjunctive, but with -e endings instead of -a endings.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | denegare |
| Tú | denegares |
| Él / Ella / Usted | denegare |
| Nosotros / as | denegáremos |
| Vosotros / as | denegareis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | denegaren |
| Vos | denegares |
Used for forming positive and negative commands, e.g. “deny!” and “don’t deny!”.
| Pronoun | Spanish Affirmative | Spanish Negative |
|---|---|---|
| Tú | deniega | no deniegues |
| Él / Ella / Usted | deniegue | no deniegue |
| Nosotros / as | deneguemos | no deneguemos |
| Vosotros / as | denegad | no deneguéis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | denieguen | no denieguen |
| Vos | denegá | no deniegues |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | haya denegado |
| Tú | hayas denegado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | haya denegado |
| Nosotros / as | hayamos denegado |
| Vosotros / as | hayáis denegado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hayan denegado |
| Vos | hayas denegado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiera denegado / hubiese denegado |
| Tú | hubieras denegado / hubieses denegado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiera denegado / hubiese denegado |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéramos denegado / hubiésemos denegado |
| Vosotros / as | hubierais denegado / hubieseis denegado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieran denegado / hubiesen denegado |
| Vos | hubieras denegado / hubieses denegado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiere denegado |
| Tú | hubieres denegado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiere denegado |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéremos denegado |
| Vosotros / as | hubiereis denegado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieren denegado |
| Vos | hubieres denegado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | esté denegando |
| Tú | estés denegando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | esté denegando |
| Nosotros / as | estemos denegando |
| Vosotros / as | estéis denegando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estén denegando |
| Vos | estés denegando |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviera denegando / estuviese denegando |
| Tú | estuvieras denegando / estuvieses denegando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviera denegando / estuviese denegando |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéramos denegando / estuviésamos denegando |
| Vosotros / as | estuvierais denegando / estuvieseis denegando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviera denegando / estuviese denegando |
| Vos | estuvieras denegando / estuvieses denegando |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviere denegando |
| Tú | estuvieres denegando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviere denegando |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéremos denegando |
| Vosotros / as | estuviereis denegando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviere denegando |
| Vos | estuvieres denegando |
Voseo is the practice of using ‘vos’ instead of ‘tú’ as the second-person singular pronoun, and is common throughout much of South America.
There are various versions of ‘voseo’ used throughout the Spanish-speaking world. The conjugations for the most common type – used throughout Argentina, parts of Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Paraguya and Uruguay are below.
The present indicative (presente de indicativo) and affirmative imperative (imperativo) have different conjugations from the tú form, while all other tenses generally use the tú form.
| Tense | Vos Conjugation |
|---|---|
| Present Indicative Presente de Indicativo | Vos denegás |
| Simle Past / Preterite Preterite de Indicativo | Vos denegaste |
| Imperfect Past Preterite Imperfecto de Indicativo | Vos denegabas |
| Conditional Condicional | Vos denegarías |
| Future Futuro de Indicativo | Vos denegarás |
| Present Subjunctive Presente de Subjunctivo | Vos deniegues |
| Imperfect Subjunctive Imperfecto de Subjunctivo | Vos denegaras / Vos denegase |
| Affirmative Imperative Imperativo | Vos denegá |
| Negative Imperative Imperativo Negativo | Vos no deniegues |