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Comprimir is a Spanish verb which translates into English as “to compress”.
Below are all of the conjugations for comprimir in Spanish, in all three moods (indicative/indicativo, subjunctive/subjunctivo and imperative/imperativo) and all of the tenses, for each pronoun.
The vosotros pronoun is mainly used in mainland Spain, and is the informal second-person plural – it could be considered the Spanish version of “y’all”. It is rarely found in Latin America, where ustedes is used instead.
The vos form is used instead of tú in some Spanish speaking countries of South America, especially the Southern Cone (e.g. Argentina and Uruguay) and has a different conjugation.
| English Infinitive | to compress |
|---|---|
| Spanish Infinitive | comprimir |
The gerund (gerundio) is used with the continuous tenses, e.g. present continuous (está comprimiendo) and past continuous (estaba comprimiendo). The easiest way to think of it is the equivalent of english’s -ing form (e.g. compressing).
The past participle (participio) is used with perfect tense ‘haber’ verbs, e.g. he comprimido and hubiera comprimido. These are the equivalent of English’s ‘have’ (e.g. have compressed).
| Gerundio / Gerund | comprimiendo |
|---|---|
| Participio / Past Participle | comprimido |
The basic form of speech, el indicativo is used for making statements, talking about facts, events and things that are certain and objective.
The present tense is as it sounds – it’s for talking about things that are currently going on, which are habitual, or which generally exist. In English, this would be “I compress” or “they compress”.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | comprimo |
| Tú | comprimes |
| Él / Ella / Usted | comprime |
| Nosotros / as | comprimimos |
| Vosotros / as | comprimís |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | comprimen |
| Vos | comprimís |
Your simple past tense, e.g. “I compressed” or “she compressed” in English.
In Spanish, there are two past tenses where just one is used in English; the pretérite infefinido is typically used to refer to a concrete, specific moment in time.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | comprimí | I compressed |
| Tú | comprimiste | You compressed |
| Él / Ella / Usted | comprimió | He / she / you compressed |
| Nosotros / as | comprimimos | We compressed |
| Vosotros / as | comprimisteis | You compressed |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | comprimieron | They / you compressed |
| Vos | comprimiste | You compressed |
The pretérito imperfecto roughly translates as “I was compressing” or “she was compressing” in English, and is typically used to describe things and set a scene, talk about events without a specific timeframe, or talk about habitual events or states in the past.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | comprimía | I was compressing |
| Tú | comprimías | You were compressing |
| Él / Ella / Usted | comprimía | He was / she was / you were compressing |
| Nosotros / as | comprimíamos | We were compressing |
| Vosotros / as | comprimíais | You were compressing |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | comprimían | They / you were compressing |
| Vos | comprimías | You were compressing |
The perfect tense is for talking about things which happened in the past but are still related to the present or continue into the present.
In English, these use the auxiliary verbs ‘have’ and ‘has’ – i.e. “I have compressed” and “she has compressed”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | he comprimido | I have compressed |
| Tú | has comprimido | You have compressed |
| Él / Ella / Usted | ha comprimido | He has / she has / you have compressed |
| Nosotros / as | hemos comprimido | We have compressed |
| Vosotros / as | habéis comprimido | You have compressed |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | han comprimido | They / you have compressed |
| Vos | has comprimido | You have compressed |
The conditional is used in place of the English modal verb “would”, i.e. “I would compress” or “she would compress”. It can be used to talk about hypothetical situations.
| Pronoun | Spanish | Englush |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | comprimiría | I would compress |
| Tú | comprimirías | You would compress |
| Él / Ella / Usted | comprimiría | He / she / you would compress |
| Nosotros / as | comprimiríamos | We would compress |
| Vosotros / as | comprimiríais | You would compress |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | comprimirían | They / you would compress |
| Vos | comprimirías | You would compress |
The future tense, simply put, replaces the English modal verb “will” – i.e. “I will compress” or “they will compress”.
It is more commonly used for making a hypothesis about the present. To talk about the future, Spanish speakers frequently use “ir + a + infinivo”, e.g. “van a comprimir” means “They are going to compress”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | comprimiré | I will compress |
| Tú | comprimirás | You will compress |
| Él / Ella / Usted | comprimirá | He / she / you will compress |
| Nosotros / as | comprimiremos | We will compress |
| Vosotros / as | comprimiréis | You will compress |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | comprimirán | They / you will compress |
| Vos | comprimirás | You will compress |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | comprima |
| Tú | comprimas |
| Él / Ella / Usted | comprima |
| Nosotros / as | comprimamos |
| Vosotros / as | comprimáis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | compriman |
| Vos | comprimas |
There are two ways to form the imperfect subjunctive.
The first option sees verbs ending in -era (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ara (for -ar verbs), while the second sees verbs ending in -ese (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ase (for -ar verbs).
There is no difference between these two forms, and Spanish speakers use them interchangeably.
| Pronoun | Spanish era/ara | Spanish ese/ase |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | comprimiera | comprimiese |
| Tú | comprimieras | comprimiese |
| Él / Ella / Usted | comprimiera | comprimiese |
| Nosotros / as | comprimiéramos | comprimiésemos |
| Vosotros / as | comprimierais | comprimieseis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | comprimieran | comprimiesen |
| Vos | comprimieras | comprimiese |
The future subjunctive is no longer used in modern-day Spanish, apart from in literary and legal contexts, and there is no need to learn it.
It is formed the same as the past/imperfect subjunctive, but with -e endings instead of -a endings.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | comprimiere |
| Tú | comprimieres |
| Él / Ella / Usted | comprimiera |
| Nosotros / as | comprimiéremos |
| Vosotros / as | comprimiereis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | comprimieren |
| Vos | comprimieres |
Used for forming positive and negative commands, e.g. “compress!” and “don’t compress!”.
| Pronoun | Spanish Affirmative | Spanish Negative |
|---|---|---|
| Tú | comprime | no comprimas |
| Él / Ella / Usted | comprima | no comprima |
| Nosotros / as | comprimamos | no comprimamos |
| Vosotros / as | comprimid | no comprimáis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | compriman | no compriman |
| Vos | comprimí | no comprimas |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | haya comprimido |
| Tú | hayas comprimido |
| Él / Ella / Usted | haya comprimido |
| Nosotros / as | hayamos comprimido |
| Vosotros / as | hayáis comprimido |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hayan comprimido |
| Vos | hayas comprimido |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiera comprimido / hubiese comprimido |
| Tú | hubieras comprimido / hubieses comprimido |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiera comprimido / hubiese comprimido |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéramos comprimido / hubiésemos comprimido |
| Vosotros / as | hubierais comprimido / hubieseis comprimido |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieran comprimido / hubiesen comprimido |
| Vos | hubieras comprimido / hubieses comprimido |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiere comprimido |
| Tú | hubieres comprimido |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiere comprimido |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéremos comprimido |
| Vosotros / as | hubiereis comprimido |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieren comprimido |
| Vos | hubieres comprimido |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | esté comprimiendo |
| Tú | estés comprimiendo |
| Él / Ella / Usted | esté comprimiendo |
| Nosotros / as | estemos comprimiendo |
| Vosotros / as | estéis comprimiendo |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estén comprimiendo |
| Vos | estés comprimiendo |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviera comprimiendo / estuviese comprimiendo |
| Tú | estuvieras comprimiendo / estuvieses comprimiendo |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviera comprimiendo / estuviese comprimiendo |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéramos comprimiendo / estuviésamos comprimiendo |
| Vosotros / as | estuvierais comprimiendo / estuvieseis comprimiendo |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviera comprimiendo / estuviese comprimiendo |
| Vos | estuvieras comprimiendo / estuvieses comprimiendo |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviere comprimiendo |
| Tú | estuvieres comprimiendo |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviere comprimiendo |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéremos comprimiendo |
| Vosotros / as | estuviereis comprimiendo |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviere comprimiendo |
| Vos | estuvieres comprimiendo |
Voseo is the practice of using ‘vos’ instead of ‘tú’ as the second-person singular pronoun, and is common throughout much of South America.
There are various versions of ‘voseo’ used throughout the Spanish-speaking world. The conjugations for the most common type – used throughout Argentina, parts of Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Paraguya and Uruguay are below.
The present indicative (presente de indicativo) and affirmative imperative (imperativo) have different conjugations from the tú form, while all other tenses generally use the tú form.
| Tense | Vos Conjugation |
|---|---|
| Present Indicative Presente de Indicativo | Vos comprimís |
| Simle Past / Preterite Preterite de Indicativo | Vos comprimiste |
| Imperfect Past Preterite Imperfecto de Indicativo | Vos comprimías |
| Conditional Condicional | Vos comprimirías |
| Future Futuro de Indicativo | Vos comprimirás |
| Present Subjunctive Presente de Subjunctivo | Vos comprimas |
| Imperfect Subjunctive Imperfecto de Subjunctivo | Vos comprimieras / Vos comprimiese |
| Affirmative Imperative Imperativo | Vos comprimí |
| Negative Imperative Imperativo Negativo | Vos no comprimas |