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Cincelar is a Spanish verb which translates into English as “to chisel, carve”.
Below are all of the conjugations for cincelar in Spanish, in all three moods (indicative/indicativo, subjunctive/subjunctivo and imperative/imperativo) and all of the tenses, for each pronoun.
The vosotros pronoun is mainly used in mainland Spain, and is the informal second-person plural – it could be considered the Spanish version of “y’all”. It is rarely found in Latin America, where ustedes is used instead.
The vos form is used instead of tú in some Spanish speaking countries of South America, especially the Southern Cone (e.g. Argentina and Uruguay) and has a different conjugation.
| English Infinitive | to chisel, carve |
|---|---|
| Spanish Infinitive | cincelar |
The gerund (gerundio) is used with the continuous tenses, e.g. present continuous (está cincelando) and past continuous (estaba cincelando). The easiest way to think of it is the equivalent of english’s -ing form (e.g. chiselling).
The past participle (participio) is used with perfect tense ‘haber’ verbs, e.g. he cincelado and hubiera cincelado. These are the equivalent of English’s ‘have’ (e.g. have chiselled).
| Gerundio / Gerund | cincelando |
|---|---|
| Participio / Past Participle | cincelado |
The basic form of speech, el indicativo is used for making statements, talking about facts, events and things that are certain and objective.
The present tense is as it sounds – it’s for talking about things that are currently going on, which are habitual, or which generally exist. In English, this would be “I chisel” or “they chisel”.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | cincelo |
| Tú | cincelas |
| Él / Ella / Usted | cincela |
| Nosotros / as | cincelamos |
| Vosotros / as | cinceláis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | cincelan |
| Vos | cincelás |
Your simple past tense, e.g. “I chiselled” or “she chiselled” in English.
In Spanish, there are two past tenses where just one is used in English; the pretérite infefinido is typically used to refer to a concrete, specific moment in time.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | cincelé | I chiselled |
| Tú | cincelaste | You chiselled |
| Él / Ella / Usted | cinceló | He / she / you chiselled |
| Nosotros / as | cincelamos | We chiselled |
| Vosotros / as | cincelasteis | You chiselled |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | cincelaron | They / you chiselled |
| Vos | cincelaste | You chiselled |
The pretérito imperfecto roughly translates as “I was chiselling” or “she was chiselling” in English, and is typically used to describe things and set a scene, talk about events without a specific timeframe, or talk about habitual events or states in the past.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | cincelaba | I was chiselling |
| Tú | cincelabas | You were chiselling |
| Él / Ella / Usted | cincelaba | He was / she was / you were chiselling |
| Nosotros / as | cincelábamos | We were chiselling |
| Vosotros / as | cincelabais | You were chiselling |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | cincelaban | They / you were chiselling |
| Vos | cincelabas | You were chiselling |
The perfect tense is for talking about things which happened in the past but are still related to the present or continue into the present.
In English, these use the auxiliary verbs ‘have’ and ‘has’ – i.e. “I have chiselled” and “she has chiselled”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | he cincelado | I have chiselled |
| Tú | has cincelado | You have chiselled |
| Él / Ella / Usted | ha cincelado | He has / she has / you have chiselled |
| Nosotros / as | hemos cincelado | We have chiselled |
| Vosotros / as | habéis cincelado | You have chiselled |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | han cincelado | They / you have chiselled |
| Vos | has cincelado | You have chiselled |
The conditional is used in place of the English modal verb “would”, i.e. “I would chisel” or “she would chisel”. It can be used to talk about hypothetical situations.
| Pronoun | Spanish | Englush |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | cincelaría | I would chisel |
| Tú | cincelarías | You would chisel |
| Él / Ella / Usted | cincelaría | He / she / you would chisel |
| Nosotros / as | cincelaríamos | We would chisel |
| Vosotros / as | cincelaríais | You would chisel |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | cincelarían | They / you would chisel |
| Vos | cincelarías | You would chisel |
The future tense, simply put, replaces the English modal verb “will” – i.e. “I will chisel” or “they will chisel”.
It is more commonly used for making a hypothesis about the present. To talk about the future, Spanish speakers frequently use “ir + a + infinivo”, e.g. “van a cincelar” means “They are going to chisel”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | cincelaré | I will chisel |
| Tú | cincelarás | You will chisel |
| Él / Ella / Usted | cincelará | He / she / you will chisel |
| Nosotros / as | cincelaremos | We will chisel |
| Vosotros / as | cincelaréis | You will chisel |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | cincelarán | They / you will chisel |
| Vos | cincelarás | You will chisel |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | cincele |
| Tú | cinceles |
| Él / Ella / Usted | cincele |
| Nosotros / as | cincelemos |
| Vosotros / as | cinceléis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | cincelen |
| Vos | cinceles |
There are two ways to form the imperfect subjunctive.
The first option sees verbs ending in -era (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ara (for -ar verbs), while the second sees verbs ending in -ese (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ase (for -ar verbs).
There is no difference between these two forms, and Spanish speakers use them interchangeably.
| Pronoun | Spanish era/ara | Spanish ese/ase |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | cincelara | cincelase |
| Tú | cincelaras | cincelase |
| Él / Ella / Usted | cincelara | cincelase |
| Nosotros / as | cinceláramos | cincelásemos |
| Vosotros / as | cincelarais | cincelaseis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | cincelaran | cincelasen |
| Vos | cincelaras | cincelase |
The future subjunctive is no longer used in modern-day Spanish, apart from in literary and legal contexts, and there is no need to learn it.
It is formed the same as the past/imperfect subjunctive, but with -e endings instead of -a endings.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | cincelare |
| Tú | cincelares |
| Él / Ella / Usted | cincelare |
| Nosotros / as | cinceláremos |
| Vosotros / as | cincelareis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | cincelaren |
| Vos | cincelares |
Used for forming positive and negative commands, e.g. “chisel!” and “don’t chisel!”.
| Pronoun | Spanish Affirmative | Spanish Negative |
|---|---|---|
| Tú | cincela | no cinceles |
| Él / Ella / Usted | cincele | no cincele |
| Nosotros / as | cincelemos | no cincelemos |
| Vosotros / as | cincelad | no cinceléis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | cincelen | no cincelen |
| Vos | cincelá | no cinceles |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | haya cincelado |
| Tú | hayas cincelado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | haya cincelado |
| Nosotros / as | hayamos cincelado |
| Vosotros / as | hayáis cincelado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hayan cincelado |
| Vos | hayas cincelado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiera cincelado / hubiese cincelado |
| Tú | hubieras cincelado / hubieses cincelado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiera cincelado / hubiese cincelado |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéramos cincelado / hubiésemos cincelado |
| Vosotros / as | hubierais cincelado / hubieseis cincelado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieran cincelado / hubiesen cincelado |
| Vos | hubieras cincelado / hubieses cincelado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiere cincelado |
| Tú | hubieres cincelado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiere cincelado |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéremos cincelado |
| Vosotros / as | hubiereis cincelado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieren cincelado |
| Vos | hubieres cincelado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | esté cincelando |
| Tú | estés cincelando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | esté cincelando |
| Nosotros / as | estemos cincelando |
| Vosotros / as | estéis cincelando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estén cincelando |
| Vos | estés cincelando |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviera cincelando / estuviese cincelando |
| Tú | estuvieras cincelando / estuvieses cincelando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviera cincelando / estuviese cincelando |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéramos cincelando / estuviésamos cincelando |
| Vosotros / as | estuvierais cincelando / estuvieseis cincelando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviera cincelando / estuviese cincelando |
| Vos | estuvieras cincelando / estuvieses cincelando |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviere cincelando |
| Tú | estuvieres cincelando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviere cincelando |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéremos cincelando |
| Vosotros / as | estuviereis cincelando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviere cincelando |
| Vos | estuvieres cincelando |
Voseo is the practice of using ‘vos’ instead of ‘tú’ as the second-person singular pronoun, and is common throughout much of South America.
There are various versions of ‘voseo’ used throughout the Spanish-speaking world. The conjugations for the most common type – used throughout Argentina, parts of Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Paraguya and Uruguay are below.
The present indicative (presente de indicativo) and affirmative imperative (imperativo) have different conjugations from the tú form, while all other tenses generally use the tú form.
| Tense | Vos Conjugation |
|---|---|
| Present Indicative Presente de Indicativo | Vos cincelás |
| Simle Past / Preterite Preterite de Indicativo | Vos cincelaste |
| Imperfect Past Preterite Imperfecto de Indicativo | Vos cincelabas |
| Conditional Condicional | Vos cincelarías |
| Future Futuro de Indicativo | Vos cincelarás |
| Present Subjunctive Presente de Subjunctivo | Vos cinceles |
| Imperfect Subjunctive Imperfecto de Subjunctivo | Vos cincelaras / Vos cincelase |
| Affirmative Imperative Imperativo | Vos cincelá |
| Negative Imperative Imperativo Negativo | Vos no cinceles |