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Cegar is a Spanish verb which translates into English as “to blind”.
Below are all of the conjugations for cegar in Spanish, in all three moods (indicative/indicativo, subjunctive/subjunctivo and imperative/imperativo) and all of the tenses, for each pronoun.
The vosotros pronoun is mainly used in mainland Spain, and is the informal second-person plural – it could be considered the Spanish version of “y’all”. It is rarely found in Latin America, where ustedes is used instead.
The vos form is used instead of tú in some Spanish speaking countries of South America, especially the Southern Cone (e.g. Argentina and Uruguay) and has a different conjugation.
| English Infinitive | to blind |
|---|---|
| Spanish Infinitive | cegar |
The gerund (gerundio) is used with the continuous tenses, e.g. present continuous (está cegando) and past continuous (estaba cegando). The easiest way to think of it is the equivalent of english’s -ing form (e.g. blinding).
The past participle (participio) is used with perfect tense ‘haber’ verbs, e.g. he cegado and hubiera cegado. These are the equivalent of English’s ‘have’ (e.g. have blinded).
| Gerundio / Gerund | cegando |
|---|---|
| Participio / Past Participle | cegado |
The basic form of speech, el indicativo is used for making statements, talking about facts, events and things that are certain and objective.
The present tense is as it sounds – it’s for talking about things that are currently going on, which are habitual, or which generally exist. In English, this would be “I blind” or “they blind”.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | ciego |
| Tú | ciegas |
| Él / Ella / Usted | ciega |
| Nosotros / as | cegamos |
| Vosotros / as | cegáis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | ciegan |
| Vos | cegás |
Your simple past tense, e.g. “I blinded” or “she blinded” in English.
In Spanish, there are two past tenses where just one is used in English; the pretérite infefinido is typically used to refer to a concrete, specific moment in time.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | cegué | I blinded |
| Tú | cegaste | You blinded |
| Él / Ella / Usted | cegó | He / she / you blinded |
| Nosotros / as | cegamos | We blinded |
| Vosotros / as | cegasteis | You blinded |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | cegaron | They / you blinded |
| Vos | cegaste | You blinded |
The pretérito imperfecto roughly translates as “I was blinding” or “she was blinding” in English, and is typically used to describe things and set a scene, talk about events without a specific timeframe, or talk about habitual events or states in the past.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | cegaba | I was blinding |
| Tú | cegabas | You were blinding |
| Él / Ella / Usted | cegaba | He was / she was / you were blinding |
| Nosotros / as | cegábamos | We were blinding |
| Vosotros / as | cegabais | You were blinding |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | cegaban | They / you were blinding |
| Vos | cegabas | You were blinding |
The perfect tense is for talking about things which happened in the past but are still related to the present or continue into the present.
In English, these use the auxiliary verbs ‘have’ and ‘has’ – i.e. “I have blinded” and “she has blinded”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | he cegado | I have blinded |
| Tú | has cegado | You have blinded |
| Él / Ella / Usted | ha cegado | He has / she has / you have blinded |
| Nosotros / as | hemos cegado | We have blinded |
| Vosotros / as | habéis cegado | You have blinded |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | han cegado | They / you have blinded |
| Vos | has cegado | You have blinded |
The conditional is used in place of the English modal verb “would”, i.e. “I would blind” or “she would blind”. It can be used to talk about hypothetical situations.
| Pronoun | Spanish | Englush |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | cegaría | I would blind |
| Tú | cegarías | You would blind |
| Él / Ella / Usted | cegaría | He / she / you would blind |
| Nosotros / as | cegaríamos | We would blind |
| Vosotros / as | cegaríais | You would blind |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | cegarían | They / you would blind |
| Vos | cegarías | You would blind |
The future tense, simply put, replaces the English modal verb “will” – i.e. “I will blind” or “they will blind”.
It is more commonly used for making a hypothesis about the present. To talk about the future, Spanish speakers frequently use “ir + a + infinivo”, e.g. “van a cegar” means “They are going to blind”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | cegaré | I will blind |
| Tú | cegarás | You will blind |
| Él / Ella / Usted | cegará | He / she / you will blind |
| Nosotros / as | cegaremos | We will blind |
| Vosotros / as | cegaréis | You will blind |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | cegarán | They / you will blind |
| Vos | cegarás | You will blind |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | ciegue |
| Tú | ciegues |
| Él / Ella / Usted | ciegue |
| Nosotros / as | ceguemos |
| Vosotros / as | ceguéis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | cieguen |
| Vos | ciegues |
There are two ways to form the imperfect subjunctive.
The first option sees verbs ending in -era (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ara (for -ar verbs), while the second sees verbs ending in -ese (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ase (for -ar verbs).
There is no difference between these two forms, and Spanish speakers use them interchangeably.
| Pronoun | Spanish era/ara | Spanish ese/ase |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | cegara | cegase |
| Tú | cegaras | cegase |
| Él / Ella / Usted | cegara | cegase |
| Nosotros / as | cegáramos | cegásemos |
| Vosotros / as | cegarais | cegaseis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | cegaran | cegasen |
| Vos | cegaras | cegase |
The future subjunctive is no longer used in modern-day Spanish, apart from in literary and legal contexts, and there is no need to learn it.
It is formed the same as the past/imperfect subjunctive, but with -e endings instead of -a endings.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | cegare |
| Tú | cegares |
| Él / Ella / Usted | cegare |
| Nosotros / as | cegáremos |
| Vosotros / as | cegareis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | cegaren |
| Vos | cegares |
Used for forming positive and negative commands, e.g. “blind!” and “don’t blind!”.
| Pronoun | Spanish Affirmative | Spanish Negative |
|---|---|---|
| Tú | ciega | no ciegues |
| Él / Ella / Usted | ciegue | no ciegue |
| Nosotros / as | ceguemos | no ceguemos |
| Vosotros / as | cegad | no ceguéis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | cieguen | no cieguen |
| Vos | cegá | no ciegues |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | haya cegado |
| Tú | hayas cegado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | haya cegado |
| Nosotros / as | hayamos cegado |
| Vosotros / as | hayáis cegado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hayan cegado |
| Vos | hayas cegado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiera cegado / hubiese cegado |
| Tú | hubieras cegado / hubieses cegado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiera cegado / hubiese cegado |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéramos cegado / hubiésemos cegado |
| Vosotros / as | hubierais cegado / hubieseis cegado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieran cegado / hubiesen cegado |
| Vos | hubieras cegado / hubieses cegado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiere cegado |
| Tú | hubieres cegado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiere cegado |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéremos cegado |
| Vosotros / as | hubiereis cegado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieren cegado |
| Vos | hubieres cegado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | esté cegando |
| Tú | estés cegando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | esté cegando |
| Nosotros / as | estemos cegando |
| Vosotros / as | estéis cegando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estén cegando |
| Vos | estés cegando |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviera cegando / estuviese cegando |
| Tú | estuvieras cegando / estuvieses cegando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviera cegando / estuviese cegando |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéramos cegando / estuviésamos cegando |
| Vosotros / as | estuvierais cegando / estuvieseis cegando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviera cegando / estuviese cegando |
| Vos | estuvieras cegando / estuvieses cegando |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviere cegando |
| Tú | estuvieres cegando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviere cegando |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéremos cegando |
| Vosotros / as | estuviereis cegando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviere cegando |
| Vos | estuvieres cegando |
Voseo is the practice of using ‘vos’ instead of ‘tú’ as the second-person singular pronoun, and is common throughout much of South America.
There are various versions of ‘voseo’ used throughout the Spanish-speaking world. The conjugations for the most common type – used throughout Argentina, parts of Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Paraguya and Uruguay are below.
The present indicative (presente de indicativo) and affirmative imperative (imperativo) have different conjugations from the tú form, while all other tenses generally use the tú form.
| Tense | Vos Conjugation |
|---|---|
| Present Indicative Presente de Indicativo | Vos cegás |
| Simle Past / Preterite Preterite de Indicativo | Vos cegaste |
| Imperfect Past Preterite Imperfecto de Indicativo | Vos cegabas |
| Conditional Condicional | Vos cegarías |
| Future Futuro de Indicativo | Vos cegarás |
| Present Subjunctive Presente de Subjunctivo | Vos ciegues |
| Imperfect Subjunctive Imperfecto de Subjunctivo | Vos cegaras / Vos cegase |
| Affirmative Imperative Imperativo | Vos cegá |
| Negative Imperative Imperativo Negativo | Vos no ciegues |