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Acumular is a Spanish verb which translates into English as “to accumulate”.
Below are all of the conjugations for acumular in Spanish, in all three moods (indicative/indicativo, subjunctive/subjunctivo and imperative/imperativo) and all of the tenses, for each pronoun.
The vosotros pronoun is mainly used in mainland Spain, and is the informal second-person plural – it could be considered the Spanish version of “y’all”. It is rarely found in Latin America, where ustedes is used instead.
The vos form is used instead of tú in some Spanish speaking countries of South America, especially the Southern Cone (e.g. Argentina and Uruguay) and has a different conjugation.
| English Infinitive | to accumulate |
|---|---|
| Spanish Infinitive | acumular |
The gerund (gerundio) is used with the continuous tenses, e.g. present continuous (está acumulando) and past continuous (estaba acumulando). The easiest way to think of it is the equivalent of english’s -ing form (e.g. accommodating).
The past participle (participio) is used with perfect tense ‘haber’ verbs, e.g. he acumulado and hubiera acumulado. These are the equivalent of English’s ‘have’ (e.g. have accommodated).
| Gerundio / Gerund | acumulando |
|---|---|
| Participio / Past Participle | acumulado |
The basic form of speech, el indicativo is used for making statements, talking about facts, events and things that are certain and objective.
The present tense is as it sounds – it’s for talking about things that are currently going on, which are habitual, or which generally exist. In English, this would be “I accommodate” or “they accommodate”.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | acumulo |
| Tú | acumulas |
| Él / Ella / Usted | acumula |
| Nosotros / as | acumulamos |
| Vosotros / as | acumuláis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | acumulan |
| Vos | acumulás |
Your simple past tense, e.g. “I accommodated” or “she accommodated” in English.
In Spanish, there are two past tenses where just one is used in English; the pretérite infefinido is typically used to refer to a concrete, specific moment in time.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | acumulé | I accommodated |
| Tú | acumulaste | You accommodated |
| Él / Ella / Usted | acumuló | He / she / you accommodated |
| Nosotros / as | acumulamos | We accommodated |
| Vosotros / as | acumulasteis | You accommodated |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | acumularon | They / you accommodated |
| Vos | acumulaste | You accommodated |
The pretérito imperfecto roughly translates as “I was accommodating” or “she was accommodating” in English, and is typically used to describe things and set a scene, talk about events without a specific timeframe, or talk about habitual events or states in the past.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | acumulaba | I was accommodating |
| Tú | acumulabas | You were accommodating |
| Él / Ella / Usted | acumulaba | He was / she was / you were accommodating |
| Nosotros / as | acumulábamos | We were accommodating |
| Vosotros / as | acumulabais | You were accommodating |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | acumulaban | They / you were accommodating |
| Vos | acumulabas | You were accommodating |
The perfect tense is for talking about things which happened in the past but are still related to the present or continue into the present.
In English, these use the auxiliary verbs ‘have’ and ‘has’ – i.e. “I have accommodated” and “she has accommodated”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | he acumulado | I have accommodated |
| Tú | has acumulado | You have accommodated |
| Él / Ella / Usted | ha acumulado | He has / she has / you have accommodated |
| Nosotros / as | hemos acumulado | We have accommodated |
| Vosotros / as | habéis acumulado | You have accommodated |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | han acumulado | They / you have accommodated |
| Vos | has acumulado | You have accommodated |
The conditional is used in place of the English modal verb “would”, i.e. “I would accommodate” or “she would accommodate”. It can be used to talk about hypothetical situations.
| Pronoun | Spanish | Englush |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | acumularía | I would accommodate |
| Tú | acumularías | You would accommodate |
| Él / Ella / Usted | acumularía | He / she / you would accommodate |
| Nosotros / as | acumularíamos | We would accommodate |
| Vosotros / as | acumularíais | You would accommodate |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | acumularían | They / you would accommodate |
| Vos | acumularías | You would accommodate |
The future tense, simply put, replaces the English modal verb “will” – i.e. “I will accommodate” or “they will accommodate”.
It is more commonly used for making a hypothesis about the present. To talk about the future, Spanish speakers frequently use “ir + a + infinivo”, e.g. “van a acumular” means “They are going to accommodate”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | acumularé | I will accommodate |
| Tú | acumularás | You will accommodate |
| Él / Ella / Usted | acumulará | He / she / you will accommodate |
| Nosotros / as | acumularemos | We will accommodate |
| Vosotros / as | acumularéis | You will accommodate |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | acumularán | They / you will accommodate |
| Vos | acumularás | You will accommodate |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | acumule |
| Tú | acumules |
| Él / Ella / Usted | acumule |
| Nosotros / as | acumulemos |
| Vosotros / as | acumuléis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | acumulen |
| Vos | acumules |
There are two ways to form the imperfect subjunctive.
The first option sees verbs ending in -era (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ara (for -ar verbs), while the second sees verbs ending in -ese (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ase (for -ar verbs).
There is no difference between these two forms, and Spanish speakers use them interchangeably.
| Pronoun | Spanish era/ara | Spanish ese/ase |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | acumulara | acumulase |
| Tú | acumularas | acumulase |
| Él / Ella / Usted | acumulara | acumulase |
| Nosotros / as | acumuláramos | acumulásemos |
| Vosotros / as | acumularais | acumulaseis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | acumularan | acumulasen |
| Vos | acumularas | acumulase |
The future subjunctive is no longer used in modern-day Spanish, apart from in literary and legal contexts, and there is no need to learn it.
It is formed the same as the past/imperfect subjunctive, but with -e endings instead of -a endings.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | acumulare |
| Tú | acumulares |
| Él / Ella / Usted | acumulare |
| Nosotros / as | acumuláremos |
| Vosotros / as | acumulareis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | acumularen |
| Vos | acumulares |
Used for forming positive and negative commands, e.g. “accommodate!” and “don’t accommodate!”.
| Pronoun | Spanish Affirmative | Spanish Negative |
|---|---|---|
| Tú | acumula | no acumules |
| Él / Ella / Usted | acumule | no acumule |
| Nosotros / as | acumulemos | no acumulemos |
| Vosotros / as | acumulad | no acumuléis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | acumulen | no acumulen |
| Vos | acumulá | no acumules |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | haya acumulado |
| Tú | hayas acumulado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | haya acumulado |
| Nosotros / as | hayamos acumulado |
| Vosotros / as | hayáis acumulado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hayan acumulado |
| Vos | hayas acumulado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiera acumulado / hubiese acumulado |
| Tú | hubieras acumulado / hubieses acumulado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiera acumulado / hubiese acumulado |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéramos acumulado / hubiésemos acumulado |
| Vosotros / as | hubierais acumulado / hubieseis acumulado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieran acumulado / hubiesen acumulado |
| Vos | hubieras acumulado / hubieses acumulado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiere acumulado |
| Tú | hubieres acumulado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiere acumulado |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéremos acumulado |
| Vosotros / as | hubiereis acumulado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieren acumulado |
| Vos | hubieres acumulado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | esté acumulando |
| Tú | estés acumulando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | esté acumulando |
| Nosotros / as | estemos acumulando |
| Vosotros / as | estéis acumulando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estén acumulando |
| Vos | estés acumulando |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviera acumulando / estuviese acumulando |
| Tú | estuvieras acumulando / estuvieses acumulando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviera acumulando / estuviese acumulando |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéramos acumulando / estuviésamos acumulando |
| Vosotros / as | estuvierais acumulando / estuvieseis acumulando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviera acumulando / estuviese acumulando |
| Vos | estuvieras acumulando / estuvieses acumulando |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviere acumulando |
| Tú | estuvieres acumulando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviere acumulando |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéremos acumulando |
| Vosotros / as | estuviereis acumulando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviere acumulando |
| Vos | estuvieres acumulando |
Voseo is the practice of using ‘vos’ instead of ‘tú’ as the second-person singular pronoun, and is common throughout much of South America.
There are various versions of ‘voseo’ used throughout the Spanish-speaking world. The conjugations for the most common type – used throughout Argentina, parts of Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Paraguya and Uruguay are below.
The present indicative (presente de indicativo) and affirmative imperative (imperativo) have different conjugations from the tú form, while all other tenses generally use the tú form.
| Tense | Vos Conjugation |
|---|---|
| Present Indicative Presente de Indicativo | Vos acumulás |
| Simle Past / Preterite Preterite de Indicativo | Vos acumulaste |
| Imperfect Past Preterite Imperfecto de Indicativo | Vos acumulabas |
| Conditional Condicional | Vos acumularías |
| Future Futuro de Indicativo | Vos acumularás |
| Present Subjunctive Presente de Subjunctivo | Vos acumules |
| Imperfect Subjunctive Imperfecto de Subjunctivo | Vos acumularas / Vos acumulase |
| Affirmative Imperative Imperativo | Vos acumulá |
| Negative Imperative Imperativo Negativo | Vos no acumules |